P. Acnes Bacteria: Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) is a type of bacteria naturally found on the skin, particularly in sebaceous (oil) glands. While it is typically harmless, an overgrowth of P. acnes can contribute to acne formation. This bacteria feeds on sebum (skin oil) and produces substances that trigger inflammation, leading to the characteristic pimples, blackheads, and cysts of acne.
Panthenol: Also known as Vitamin B5, panthenol is a humectant and skin-conditioning agent used in skincare for its ability to moisturize, soothe, and promote healing. It is often found in products for dry, irritated, or sensitive skin.
Papain: An enzyme derived from papaya that breaks down dead skin cells, making it a gentle exfoliant. Papain is used in skincare products to improve skin texture, reduce blemishes, and brighten the complexion.
Papaya Extract: Derived from the papaya fruit, this extract contains enzymes like papain that help to exfoliate the skin, removing dead skin cells and promoting a brighter, smoother complexion. It also has anti-inflammatory and moisturizing properties.
PCA (Pyrrolidone Carboxylic Acid): A naturally occurring humectant in the skin that helps to maintain moisture balance. PCA is often included in skincare products to hydrate the skin and improve its overall texture and appearance.
Peel: A type of exfoliating treatment that removes dead skin cells and improves skin texture. Peels can be chemical (using acids like glycolic, lactic, or salicylic acid) or physical (using abrasive particles or tools) to refresh the skin.
Peptides: Short chains of amino acids that act as building blocks for proteins like collagen and elastin. In skincare, peptides help stimulate collagen production, improve skin elasticity, reduce wrinkles, and promote skin regeneration.
Petrolatum: Also known as petroleum jelly, it is a thick, occlusive agent used in skincare to lock in moisture and protect the skin’s barrier. While effective in preventing moisture loss, it may clog pores and isn’t ideal for acne-prone skin.
Physiological pH: The natural pH level of the skin, which is typically between 4.5 and 5.5. Products formulated with a physiological pH are considered skin-friendly as they do not disrupt the skin's acid mantle, maintaining the skin’s barrier function.
Phytoplankton Extract: Derived from microscopic marine organisms, this extract is rich in antioxidants, minerals, and vitamins. It is used in skincare for its hydrating, soothing, and anti-aging properties.
Pineapple Extract: A plant extract rich in enzymes, particularly bromelain, which helps to exfoliate the skin, break down dead skin cells, and improve skin texture. It is also known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
Polyhydroxy Acid (PHA): A group of exfoliating acids that are gentler than alpha and beta hydroxy acids. PHAs, such as gluconolactone, help to exfoliate dead skin cells, hydrate, and improve skin texture without irritation, making them ideal for sensitive skin.
Polyphenols: Plant-based antioxidants found in ingredients like green tea, red wine, and berries. Polyphenols help protect the skin from environmental stressors, reduce inflammation, and improve skin’s overall health by fighting free radicals.
Polysaccharides: A group of complex carbohydrates found in plants and used in skincare for their hydrating, soothing, and skin-protecting properties. They help to lock in moisture and create a barrier on the skin’s surface, improving skin hydration.
Pomegranate Extract: An antioxidant-rich extract derived from the seeds of the pomegranate fruit. It helps to protect the skin from oxidative stress, reduce signs of aging, and promote skin regeneration. It is also known for its anti-inflammatory benefits.
Pore Minimizer: A type of skincare product formulated to reduce the appearance of enlarged pores. These products often contain ingredients like salicylic acid, niacinamide, or witch hazel to tighten pores and improve skin texture.
Prescription Skincare: Skincare products that are regulated as drugs and are intended to treat medical conditions, such as acne, rosacea, or eczema. These products require a prescription from a medical healthcare provider. Prescription skincare can be purchased through your doctor’s office or pharmacy, depending on the product. Some prescription topicals may be covered by health insurance. These products are rigorously tested in clinical trials and must be approved by the FDA before they can be prescribed. Examples would be Latisse (eye lash growth serum), Tretinoin (a retinoid), certain acne medications, etc.
Probiotics: Live bacteria and yeasts beneficial to the body, including the skin. Probiotics are used in skincare to balance the skin's microbiome, enhance its barrier function, reduce inflammation, and improve overall skin health.
Propolis: A resin-like substance produced by bees that is known for its antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and healing properties. It is often used in skincare to treat acne, soothe irritated skin, and promote skin repair.
Propylene Glycol: A synthetic compound used as a humectant and solvent in skincare products. It helps to retain moisture, improve product texture, and enhance the absorption of other ingredients into the skin. However, it can cause irritation in some individuals.
Professional Grade Skincare - Essentially, a brand creates larger-size packaging and fills it with the same retail formula. A brand may create a few "professional only" products like a high percentage peel or a specialty mask. This keeps people coming back to receive treatments with products that aren't available to the public.
Pumpkin Enzyme: An enzyme derived from pumpkin that helps to exfoliate the skin by breaking down dead skin cells. It is often used in gentle exfoliating treatments, providing a brightening effect and smoothing skin texture.
Pumpkin Seed Oil: An oil rich in essential fatty acids, antioxidants, and vitamins. It helps to hydrate, nourish, and regenerate the skin, making it ideal for dry or aging skin. It also has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
Purified Water: Water that has been filtered to remove impurities and contaminants. It is commonly used as the base ingredient in many skincare products, providing hydration and serving as a solvent for active ingredients.